An Air Conditioner is a device or equipment user to reduce the temperature of a room or building from the outside environment. An Air Conditioner not only reduces the temperature but also reduces the humidity of the room, so that you don't feel sweaty.
The basic components of an Air Conditioner are a compressor, a condenser, an evaporator and an expansion valve. Another main part is the gas that we are using here is the freon.
Freon is that gas we are using to reduce temperature of our room. We are now going to play with Boyle's law in order to make this gas to cool down the room.
Freon is loaded in the compressor. When the Air Conditioner is switches on, the gas in the compressor is compressed and so the pressure of the gas increases. According to Boyle's law as the pressure increases the temperature of the gas increases (150 F) as they are directly proportional and the volume decreases as the volume of the gas is inversion proportional to pressure.
Now this high pressure high temperature freon gas is passed on through the tubes of the condenser where the temperature of the gas decreases to around 100 F at the outdoor unit of your Air Conditioner.
This gas is then passes on to an expansion valve where the pressure of the gas is decreased rapidly. Now again according to Boyle's law, as the pressure decreases the temperature of the gas too reduces to 50 F. At this temperature the form of freon is in liquid form.
This liquid freon which is at 50 F is passed on through the coils of the evaporator that is present inside the house of your indoor unit. Now air is flowed through these coil where the air inside the building gets cooled. The freon now loses its temperature to become as gas. Now the state of the freon gas is at low pressure and high temperature.
This gas is again passed on to the compressor and the cycle repeats again. This is how an Air Conditioner works.
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